תבנית:Use dmy dates
The setup for BPAP using a mechanical ventilator
תבנית:התאריכים dmy שימוש
ההתקנה של BPAP באמצעות הנשמה מלאכותית מכנית
'לחץ אוויר חיובי שתי רמות' ( 'BPAP' ), המכונה על ידי [[] הסימן המסחרי] שמות ed 'BiPAP' ו 'BIPAP' , הוא בצורה פולשני [[להנשמה מלאכותית |] מכאני] אוורור תמיכת לחץ המשתמש זמן אופניו או שינוי-אופניו זרימה בין שתי רמות שימושיות שונות של אוויר חיובי לחץ <שם נ"צ = Hor1994> תבנית:Cite עת. </ ref> שגיאת ציטוט: חסר תג </ref> סוגר בשביל תג <ref>[1] It generates inspiratory (IPAP) and expiratory (EPAP) pressure gradients that complement the patient's own respiratory cycle, optimising the lungs' efficiency and reducing the work of breathing. BPAP has been shown to be an effective management tool for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute and chronic respiratory failure.[2]
BPAP should be distinguished from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which applies a single level of positive airway pressure throughout the whole respiratory cycle and is used for different clinical conditions.
Use[]
Bilevel positive airway pressure is used when positive airway pressure is needed with the addition of pressure support. Common situations where positive airway pressure is indicated are those where taking a breath is difficult. These include pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and status asthmaticus.[3][4]
Settings and measurements[]
- IPAP: this is the pressure applied during patient triggered breaths.
- EPAP: this is the pressure applied in between patient triggered breaths. It could also be considered a continuous positive pressure.
- FiO2: The fraction of O2 percentage that is being added to the delivered air.
- Vf: on many machines a respiratory rate is set as a guarantee for intermittent bursts of IPAP.
Terminology[]
תבנית:Unreferenced The term "Bipap" can be confusing due to the existence of two almost identical terms being applied to two different modes:
- BIPAP The term "Biphasic/bilevel ventilation" was used to describe a mode of ventilation that alternates PEEP levels presented in 1988 by Professor Benzer of Innsbruck and his group. The term for this mode, as used by Draegar on their ventilators is "BIPAP" (note Uppercase "I").
- BiPAP is used by Respironics and others to denote their implementation of non-invasive pressure support plus CPAP (note lowercase "i").
References[]
- ↑ Guy W Soo Hoo, MD, MPH Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine; Director, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, West Los Angeles Healthcare Center, Veteran Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Oleh Wasyl Hnatiuk (6 June 2011). "Noninvasive Ventilation". Archived from the original on 2010-06-07. http://www.webcitation.org/68FO2HcrX. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
- ↑ שגיאת תסריט: היחידה "Citation/CS1" אינה קיימת.
- ↑ שגיאת תסריט: היחידה "Citation/CS1" אינה קיימת.
- ↑ שגיאת תסריט: היחידה "Citation/CS1" אינה קיימת.
תבנית:Mechanical ventilation